Catholic Dictionary
Find accurate definitions of over 5,000 Catholic terms and phrases (including abbreviations). Based on Fr. John Hardon's Modern Catholic Dictionary, © Eternal Life. Used with permission.
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ANTIPOPE
A false claimant to the Holy See in opposition to the Pope canoncially elected. There have been more than thirty in the Catholic Church's history. (Etym. Latin antipapa; Greek anti, against + papas, father.
ANTIPOPES
The following claimed or exercised the papal office in an uncanonical manner. the list includes names, birthplaces, and dates of alleged rule. An alphabetical list of antipopes and a similar list of antipopes of the Western Schism follow this chronological list.
ST. HIPPOLYTUS: Rome; 217-35; reconciled before his death.
NOVATIAN: Rome; 251.
FELIX II: Rome; 355 to November 22, 365.
URSINUS: 366-67.
EULALIUS: December 27 or 29, 418 to 419.
LAWRENCE: 498; 501-5.
DIOSCORUS: Alexandria; September 22, 530 to October 14, 530.
THEODORE: ended alleged rule 687.
PASCHAL: ended alleged rule 687.
CONSTANTINE: Nepi; June 28 (July 5), 767, 769.
PHILIP: July 31, 768; retired to his monastery the same day.
JOHN: ended alleged rule January 844.
ANASTASIUS: August 855 to September 855; d. 880.
CHRISTOPHER: Rome; July or September 903 to January 904.
BONIFACE VII: (Boniface Franco): Rome; June 974 to July 974; August 984 to July 985.
JOHN XVI: (John Philagathus): Rossano; April 997 to February 998.
GREGORY: ended alleged rule 1012.
BENEDICT X (John Mincius): Rome; April 5, 1058 to January 24, 1059.
HONORIUS II (Pietro Cadalous): Verona; October 28, 1061 to 1072.
CLEMENT III (Guibert of Ravenna): Parma; June 25, 1080 (March 24, 1084) to September 8, 1100.
THEODORIC (Theodoric of Rufina): ended alleged rule 1100; d. 1102.
ALBERT (Alberic): ended alleged rule 1102.
SYLVESTER IV (Maginulf): Rome; November 18, 1105 to 1111.
GREGORY VIII (Maurice Bourain): France; March 8, 1118 to 1121.
CELESTINE II (Teobaldo Boccadipecora): Rome; ended alleged rule December 1124.
ANACLETUS II (Pietro Pierleone): Rome; February 14, (23), 1130 to January 25, 1138.
VICTOR IV (Gregorio Conti): March 1138 to May 29, 1138; submitted to Pope Innocent II.
VICTOR IV (Octavian of Monticello): Monticelio; September 7 October 4), 1159 to April 20, 1164; he did not recognize his predecessor Victor IV (above).
PASCHAL III (Guido di Crema): April 22 (26), 1164 to September 20, 1168.
CALLISTUS III (John of Struma): Arezzo; September 1168 to August 29, 1178; submitted to Pope Alexander III.
INNOCENT III (Lando dei Frangipani): Sezze; September 29, 1179 to 1180
NICHOLAS V (Pietro Rainalucci): Rieti; May 12 (22), 1328 to August 25, 1330; d. October 16, 1333.
ANTIPOPES OF THE WESTERN SCHISM:
CLEMENT VII (Robert of Geneva): September 20 (October 31), 1378 to September 16, 1394.
BENEDICT XII (Pedro de Luna): Aragon; September 28 (October 11), 1394 to May 23, 1423.
ALEXANDER V (Pietro Filargo): Crete; June 26 (July 7), 1409 to May 3, 1410.
JOHN XXIII (Baldassare Cossa): Naples; May 17 (25), 1410 to May 29, 1415.
FELIX V (Amadeus, Duke of Savoy): Savoy; November 5, 1439 (July 24, 1440) to April 7, 1449; d. 1451.
Antipopes Listed in Alphabetical Order
Albert
Anacletus II
Anastasius
Benedict X
Boniface
Callistus III
Celestine II
Christopher
Clement III
Constantine
Dioscorus
Eualalius
Felix II
Gregory
Gregory VIII
Hippolytus, St.
Honorius II
InnocentIII
John
John XVI
Lawrence
Nicholas V
Novatian
Paschal
Paschal III
Philip
Sylvester IV
Theodore
Theodoric
Ursinus
Victor IV
Antipopes of the Western Schism Listed in Alphabetical Order
Alexander V
Benedict XIII
Clement VII
Felix V
John XXIII
