Catechism of the Catholic Church

471 Apollinarius of Laodicaea asserted that in Christ the divine Word had replaced the soul or spirit. Against this error the Church confessed that the eternal Son also assumed a rational, human soul. ¹⁰⁰

472 This human soul that the Son of God assumed is endowed with a true human knowledge. As such, this knowledge could not in itself be unlimited: it was exercised in the historical conditions of his existence in space and time. This is why the Son of God could, when he became man, "increase in wisdom and in stature, and in favour with God and man", ¹⁰¹ and would even have to inquire for himself about what one in the human condition can learn only from experience. ¹⁰² This corresponded to the reality of his voluntary emptying of himself, taking "the form of a slave". ¹⁰³

473 But at the same time, this truly human knowledge of God's Son expressed the divine life of his person. ¹⁰⁴ "The human nature of God's Son, not by itself but by its union with the Word, knew and showed forth in itself everything that pertains to God." ¹⁰⁵ Such is first of all the case with the intimate and immediate knowledge that the Son of God made man has of his Father. ¹⁰⁶ The Son in his human knowledge also showed the divine penetration he had into the secret thoughts of human hearts. ¹⁰⁷

474 By its union to the divine wisdom in the person of the Word incarnate, Christ enjoyed in his human knowledge the fullness of understanding of the eternal plans he had come to reveal. ¹⁰⁸ What he admitted to not knowing in this area, he elsewhere declared himself not sent to reveal. ¹⁰⁹